Bulleh Shah’s poetry is rich with universal messages, expressing themes of divine love, human suffering, and social realities that remain relevant today. His linguistic style reflects a deep mastery of multiple languages, including Punjabi, Persian, Arabic, and Sanskrit, demonstrating his scholarly background. While his poetry is primarily in Punjabi, he also incorporated elements of Hindi (Khari Boli) and other contemporary languages to enhance its accessibility and appeal. His work critiques religious hypocrisy, social injustice, and dogmatic beliefs, advocating for spiritual awakening and love beyond rigid doctrines. Bulleh Shah’s poetic expressions were often unconventional, leading to opposition from orthodox religious figures. His Sufi philosophy, centered on the unity of existence, continues to inspire readers and scholars. The linguistic blend in his poetry makes it timeless, ensuring its resonance across generations. This study explores the linguistic essence of Bulleh Shah’s poetry and its profound impact on Punjabi literature and Sufi traditions.

* Scholar M.Phil, Punjab University, Lahore

1. Syed Afzal Haider. Farid, Nanak, Bulla Waris (Islamabad: Dost Publications, S.N.) 37.

2- As Above

3- Gafran Syed. Bulleh Shah (Lahore: Punjabi Tehqiqati Markaz)9

4- As Above, 9.

5- As Above,11.

6- As Above,9.

7- As Above,11,12,13.

8- As Above,316.

9- As Above,316.

10- Muhammad Asif Khan. Akhya Bulleh Shah Ne (Lahore: Pakistan Punjabi Literary Board, May 1992)79.

11- As Above,88.

12- As Above,96.

13- As Above,124.

14- As Above,66.

15- As Above,74.

16- As Above,73.

17- As Above,1087.

18- As Above,121.

19- Dr. Karamat Mughal. Punjabi Grammar (Lahore: Rawail,  2023)58.

20- Dr. Faqir Muhammad Faqir. Kulyat Bulleh Shah (Lahore. Zahid Printers) 42.

21- As Above,42.

22- As Above,46.

23- As Above,49.

24- As Above,70.

25- As Above,108.

26- As Above,108.

27- As Above,137.

28- As Above,140.

29- As Above,159.

30- As Above,184.

31- As Above,185.

32- As Above,189.

33- As Above,199.

34- As Above,223.

35- Muhammad Asif Khan. Akhya Bulleh Shah Ne, 139.

36- As Above,75.